Birthing choices midwife, doula, obstetrician
Newly pregnant women have many choices when it comes to
birthing. There are traditional birthing methods and then there
are modern birthing choices. It is good to know what your
birthing options are including the benefits and risks involved
before making that all-important birthing decision.
What is a midwife?
The first recorded use of a midwife referenced the year
1300. A midwife was a woman who attended childbirth, gave
support during the labor and the delivery of the baby.
Supervised the care of the laboring woman, and care of the baby
directly after the birth. The term, "midwife", means "with a
woman,” Today, midwives care for women during the progress of a
normal, low-risk pregnancy and attends the delivery, working
with "on call" obstetricians and other doctors if pregnancy and
delivery complications arise. The field of Midwifery is a
professionally regulated occupation.
In the United States a midwife has the option of achieving
two different credentials. To be certified in midwifery both
options require training in childbirth and a commitment to
providing the care necessary for women going through
childbirth. Both types of midwives are required to have a
"working relationship" with doctors just in case the woman they
are caring for develops a complication or experiences an
emergency during birth.
The two types of certified midwives in the U.S. are direct
entry midwives and nurse-midwives.
The first type, direct entry midwife (DEM) is an
apprenticeship in a community-based training that is not a
formalized nursing education. Direct entry midwives often
provide care to those who chose to have a home birth.
Direct entry midwives can get certified from the North
American Registry of Midwives and become a "Certified Midwife"
(CM).
The other type, certified midwife is a midwife that has
completed the apprenticeship, performed independent studies,
and also has completed midwifery school. To become certified
they then have to complete prerequisite health science
requirements, graduate from an accredited,
university-affiliated midwifery education program, earn at
least a baccalaureate degree, and also successfully complete a
national certification examination. The CMs have the same code
of ethics as the certified nurse-midwives. The examination is
the exact same one taken by certified nurse-midwives and is
given by the ACNM Certification Council (ACC). CMs can be found
practicing at hospitals, and medical clinics.
What is a Doula?
A doula provides both emotional support and physical support
during pregnancy, the actual labor, birth and the postpartum
period. Other names for doula include birth assistant, birth
companion, childbirth assistant and labor support
professional.
The responsibilities of a doula may include explaining
medical procedures to the pregnant mom, giving emotional
support, giving advice to her, making suggestions about
exercise, and helping her to prepare a birth plan. She can also
give massages and other non-pharmacological pain relief, and
helping her to choose beneficial positions for labor and birth,
encourages the woman's partner. A doula helps the woman to
avoid interventions as well as to help her to prepare for
breastfeeding. The doula can also record the baby's birth.
What is an Obstetrician?
An obstetrician is a medical professional specializing in
the practice of labor and delivery. It is a surgical
sub-specialty because there are times when an obstetrician
needs to perform surgical procedures such as a Cesarean
section. The obstetrician usually works in a hospital or
birthing center. An obstetrician needs an M.D. degree and a
4-year residency. Twelve years of college is needed all
together.
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